America has only officially celebrated Black History Month every February since 1986—the same year that Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was officially declared a national holiday. However, the roots of Black History Month started 40 years earlier by a man named Dr. Carter G. Woodson, founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH).
Dr. Woodson established “Negro History Week” to celebrate and honor “racial pride as well as collectively assess white America’s commitment to its professed ideals of freedom” ( “About Black History Month,” ASALH ).
Dr. Woodson chose the second week of February to encompass the birthdays of both Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. While the holiday started as only a week, Dr. Woodson's life’s mission was to see a year-round study of the contributions and struggles of Black Americans.
Every year, the ASALH sets a theme to focus the attention of the public. The theme for Black History Month 2023 is Black Resistance. And while we could write about so many prolific Black men and women who overcame the horrors of injustice throughout history, we’ve chosen instead to take a more contemporary approach. We've chosen eight books—4 fiction, 4 non-fiction—from the 20th and 21st centuries that represent the many ways Black resistance shows up in stories and life.
Black Resistance in Fiction
Parable of the Sower by Octavia E. Butler (1993)
Octavia Butler was a pioneering African American and female author of science fiction. She changed the genre by creating stories where she, as a Black woman, was represented. Her novels—like her post-apocalyptic winner of the 1994 New York Times Notable Book of the Year award Parable of the Sower—show black resistance in the face of racial injustice. Butler’s Parable of the Sower was recently adapted into a graphic novel by Damian Duffy that won a 2021 Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story or Comic. |
The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas (2017)
Angie Thomas’ 2017 debut novel The Hate U Give, abbreviated as THUG, is a New York Times best seller. The novel tells the poignant story of protagonist Starr’s struggle for justice as the only witness to the fatal police shooting of her unarmed best friend Khalil. Thomas creates characters so real that readers know them deeply. Even with a subject so heavy and dark, Thomas still creates moments of life that are sweet and even funny. That is how life goes sometimes, isn’t it? The book has also won Audie awards for YA and Best Female Narrator, so if you’re an audiobook listener, take a listen. Either way, this book is well worth reading. |
The Water Dancer by Ta-Nehisi Coates (2019)
Author of the 2015 award-winning non-fiction book Between the World and Me, Ta-Nehisi Coates weaves historical fiction with elements of magical realism in his new novel The Water Dancer. Set on a slave plantation in antebellum Virginia, the novel follows protagonist Hiram Walker—slave son of the plantation owner—as he learns to use his gift of Conduction. This gift—the ability to free himself and others from slavery through magical transportation—is a trope used in many African American stories and songs. Along the way he finds mentors, such as Harriet Tubman, hero of the Underground Railroad, who help him. Themes from Between the World and Me resurface here—resistance, freedom, sense of home, and the evils of capitalism—along with a story so captivating that you can’t stop reading. |
The Taking of Jake Livingston by Ryan Douglass (2021)
Ryan Douglass’ chillingly spooky debut novel about a black gay medium that explores racial and sexual discrimination as well as a school shooting became an instant best seller. Some critics call the multi-genre novel a teenage version of Jordan Peele’s Get Out with important social commentary on resistance and breaking cycles of harm. There is something in this book for everyone whether they're into horror, mystery, thriller, or dark academia. |
Black Resistance in Non-Fiction
The Three Mothers: How the Mothers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin Shaped a Nation by Anna Malaika Tubbs (2021)
Sociologist and educator Anna Malaika Tubbs tells the untold stories of Alberta King, Louise Little, and Berdis Baldwin and how they infused a belief of worthiness and resistance in their children. While these Black men would become pivotal American heroes in the fight for equality, these mothers gave their sons the tools to believe in a world where they could make a difference. |
The Black Panther Party: A Graphic Novel History by David Walker (2021)
Winner of the 2022 Eisner award for Best Reality-Based work, David Walker and illustrator Marcus Kwame Anderson tell a graphic history of The Black Panthers. The telling never feels simplified in its illustrations nor so textbook that the message flies over the heads of readers. Walker and Anderson show how the often misrepresented party did so much to uplift the voices of Black communities in America through educational, healthcare, and social programs while resisting targeted police brutality. |
Black Joy: Stories of Resistance, Resilience, and Restoration by Tracey Michae’l Lewis-Giggetts (2022)
After experiencing racial violence in her own family, and one month after the murder of George Floyd, Tracey Michae’l Lewis-Giggetts found herself in a rainy dance-off with her daughter. In this moment she realized the power and strength of black joy as resistance, resilience, and restoration. In the 36 essays that make up Black Joy: Stories of Resistance, Resilience, and Restoration, Lewis-Giggetts shows how, in the midst of discrimination, tragedy, heartbreak, and prejudice, preserving black joy becomes a weapon of resistance for Black people. |
Rest Is Resistance: A Manifesto by Tricia Hersey (2022)
Founder of The Nap Ministry, Tricia Hersey, also known as the Nap Bishop, created the tenet that Rest is Resistance. Grounded in Black liberalism, Afrofuturism, and spirituality, Hersey's Rest Is Resistance: A Manifesto creates a framework on how to break from the destruction of capitalism and white supremacy by disengaging from grind culture where our worth is measured by productivity. Ibram X. Kendi, author of How to Be an Antiracist, Stamped from the Beginning, and Antiracist Baby, says of Hersey’s book, “Her message is essential: Sit down. Lay down. Slow down. Rest is a necessary step in reclaiming our power to resist systemic oppression.” It is a radical idea to claim rest as our divine birthright and to know we are inherently worthy without needing to DO anything. And while that is true for all people, it is Black women who are ushering in this revolutionary way of resistance. |
What other ways are you honoring Black History Month this year?